The blood test measures:
Total cholesterol . This is a measure of LDL cholesterol , HDL
cholesterol and other lipid components.
LDL (low density lipoprotein cholesterol). LDL cholesterol can build
up on the walls of your arteries and increase the chances of getting
heart disease. That is why LDL cholesterol is referred to as ‘bad’
cholesterol. The lower your LDL cholesterol number, the better it is
for your health.
HDL (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, also called "good"
cholesterol) HDL cholesterol protects against heart disease by
taking the "bad" cholesterol out of your blood and keeping it from
building up in your arteries. A higher number for this cholesterol is
a good sign.
Triglycerides (fats carried in the blood from the food we eat. Excess
calories , alcohol or sugar in the body are converted into
triglycerides and stored in fat cells throughout the body.
The NHS says for healthy adults:
Total cholesterol should be 5.0 millimoles per litre (mmol/L) or
lower. The average in the UK is actually around 5.5 mmol/l for men
and 5.6 mmol/l for women.