Most of the signals you receive for TV broadcasts are going to be in Ku band. This name, in long hand, is Kurz under. The Kurz (K-band) frequency range is that which is resonant with water. Due to this, the K-band is absorbed and dispersed readily by atmospheric water (Humidity and clouds) and especially bad in inclement weather. The Ku band allows transmission at high frequencies and data rates while being able to penetrate the atmosphere with sufficient power left over to give acceptable signal performance. Ku isn't infallible though. Due to its proximity to that magic K-band, it is still very susceptible to precipitation. In addition to the absorption, the increased mass between the dish and the satellite scatters and attenuates the down signal from the satellite.
The wonderful thing about satellite receivers is Forward Error Correction. Built into the broadcast are check bits. This can vary in rate depending on the provider, but it is always there due to the nature of Satellite communication. This is the reason you get stops and starts in your TV's picture. You're seeing sections of unrecoverable data being thrown out, leading to the skip and audio abnormalities.
tl;dr, TV Broadcasts are in Ku-Band, which is attenuated by rain due to its frequency range. Also, any signal in almost any band is going to be attenuated to some degree by any increase in mass between transmitter and receiver.
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by ROTMANLUV 2023-07-08, 17:34
